Relevansi Negara Oseania dalam Diplomasi Iklim di PBB

Muhammad Sulthon Rifqi Alfarizi, Hardhana Dinaring Danastri, Putri Dewi Cesilia Maulidina, Fajar Junadhi, Lady Meiske Shakila, Tasya Adinda Aulia

Abstract


Oseania merupakan salah satu kawasan yang terbentang dari Papua Nugini hingga Selandia Baru dan terdiri atas 34 negara kepulauan. Negara-negara ini juga biasa disebut dengan negara pasifik. Seiring meningkatnya urgensi untuk merespons dampak iklim, negara-negara Oseania melakukan diplomasi iklim dalam berbagai forum negosiasi, terutama di PBB. Dalam beberapa dekade terakhir, negara-negara Oseania secara aktif menyuarakan posisinya sebagai salah satu kelompok yang paling rentan terhadap dampak iklim mengingat letak geografisnya. Diplomasi iklim sangat penting bagi negara-negara Oseania untuk menyebarkan ide yang dapat mempengaruhi kebijakan iklim. Negara-negara Oseania memiliki peran yang unik dalam praktik diplomasinya di PBB, dalam konteks secara khusus adalah UNFCCC. Oleh karena itu, tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan relevansi negara Oseania dalam diplomasi iklim di PBB. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan metode kualitatif yang berfokus pada desain penelitian berupa eksplanasi. Penulis menggunakan jenis data sekunder untuk menjadi sumber data dalam penelitian kali ini yang berasal dari berbagai jurnal, buku, dan sumber internet lainnya. Tulisan ini menemukan bahwa diplomasi iklim oleh negara-negara Oseania secara umum bertujuan untuk: 1) memperbanyak aksi iklim konkret oleh negara-negara di bawah kerangka UNFCCC; 2) mempromosikan pendekatan yang lebih inklusif dalam UNFCCC sebagai rezim iklim internasional; 3) melegitimasi penggunaan pengetahuan adat dalam aksi iklim di bawah kerangka kerja UNFCCC.Kata Kunci: Diplomasi Iklim; Oseania; PBB; UNFCCC; Kebijakan Iklim

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.32834/gg.v18i1.455

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